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Naked- eye planets
Astronomers have a special term for the five planets closest to Earth that can be seen from Earth without any additional equipment and they are called the naked- eye planets. Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn where already known to our ancestors before the invention of the telescope.
All of these five planets are not visible at the same time. Mercury and Venus can only be seen in twilight hours as their orbits are smaller than Earth’s orbit. On the other hand, Venus is the third brightest object in the sky visible from Earth, closely after the Sun and the Moon. Northerly locations can have problems seeing Mercury due to very low angle at maximum elongations. Third planet that can be seen without a telescope is Mars. This planet is the brightest every two years when it is opposite of the Earth and during that time it is easiest to see it. Jupiter and Saturn are the farthest planets from the Sun out of these five which is the reason they get the least amount of sunlight. Still, Jupiter is often almost as bright as Venus. Saturn’s rings make it easier to see that planet as they reflect light back to Earth which makes the planet more visible, but the rings themselves cannot be seen only by naked- eye from Earth. During very clear nights even Uranus and asteroid Vesta can be seen without extra help, but it is harder to identify them from the stars as they do not stand out from them due to lack of luminous.